UNDERSTANDING CHINA’S STANCE IN SINO-BRAZILIAN RELATIONS: THE CHINA MODE

Authors

  • XUHENG WANG https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0186-7445
  • CARMEN AMADO MENDES https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-5048

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26619/1647-7251.DT0324.6

Keywords:

Sino-Brazilian relation, Guanxi Theory, Bolsonaro, Lula

Abstract

During the Covid-19 pandemic, Sino-Brazilian relations were affected by the election in January 2019 of Jair Bolsonaro as President of Brazil. Various voices were raised on the topic of Sino-Brazilian relations, with some people believing that the attitude towards China that Bolsonaro held damaged Sino-Brazilian relations to a noticeable degree. However, several studies also suggested that the election of Jair Bolsonaro did not have any negative impact on Sino-Brazilian relations, in the form of actual results. In the post-epidemic era, with the new Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva taking office, Brazil and China’s strategic partnership seems to have been strengthened. Lula not only expressed his friendly attitude towards China after taking office, but also paid a state visit to China from April 12 to 15, 2023. China and Brazil subsequently signed the Joint Statement between the People’s Republic of China and the Federative Republic of Brazil on Deepening the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. China and Brazil not only continue to cooperate in trade, but have also expanded cooperation in aerospace, electronic technology and other fields. Using Guanxi theory as its theoretical framework, this paper studies China's attitude and policies towards Brazil during Covid-19 and after the epidemic, from a Chinese perspective. It analyses the different attitudes and policy orientations of Brazilian leaders towards China, as well as China's responses to ensure the maintenance of Sino-Brazilian relations, discussing the various actions taken.

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Author Biographies

XUHENG WANG, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0186-7445

Ph.D. Candidate in International Politics and Conflict Resolution in the School of Economics (FEUC) at the University of Coimbra and the Centre for Social Studies (Portugal). She holds a Master’s degree from the School of Economics (FEUC), University of Coimbra, Portugal and a Bachelor’s degree from the School of Business, Macao Polytechnic Institute, China. Currently, she is working on the research on the role of Macao in Sino-Portuguese-speaking countries relations, based on paradiplomacy in China. Since November 2023, she has also worked in the project AspirE, "Decision making of aspiring (re)migrants to/within the EU: The case of labour market leading migrations from Asia", on the scope of HORIZON-CL2-2022-TRANSFORMATIONS-01 in the local team of the University Institute of Lisbon.

CARMEN AMADO MENDES, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1376-5048

President of the Macau Scientific and Cultural Centre in Lisbon (Portugal). She is an Associate Professor with tenure in International Relations, accredited at the School of Economics of the University of Coimbra, where she established the course “China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries in World Trade.” She is the former head of the International Relations department and coordinator of the School of Economics International Office at the same university. She holds a Ph.D. degree from the School of Oriental and African Studies - University of London, a Master’s degree from the Institute of Higher European Studies - University of Strasbourg, and a Bachelor’s degree from the Institute of Social and Political Sciences - University of Lisbon. She was a Post doctorate scholar at the Institute of Political Studies of the Portuguese Catholic University of Lisbon, and visiting professor at the University of Macau, the University of Salamanca, and the University of Lyon. She was a board member of the European Association for Chinese Studies, and the organizer of the 2014 EACS conference in Coimbra, and president of the International Relations Section and member of the board of the Portuguese Political Science Association. Principal Investigator at the University of Coimbra on a research project on the role of Macau in China ́s relations with the Portuguese-speaking countries, funded by the Portuguese national funding agency for Science, Research and Technology; and on the project on South– South Cooperation for the Europe China Research and Advice Network, supported by the European External Action Service. Auditor of the Portuguese National Defense Institute. Co-founder of the consulting company ChinaLink, and of the Observatory for China in Portugal. Author of China and the Macau Negotiations, 1986–1999 (HKUP) and China’s New Silk Road: An Emerging World Order (Routledge), as well as other publications available for consultation at: www.uc.pt/feuc/carmen.

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Published

2024-12-17

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 2, TD1 (2024): Thematic dossier - Brazil-China relations: The rise of modern International Order

Section

ARTICLES